The great problem in the treatment of cancer is that it gives people a sense that a breakthrough in this area is just right behind the corner. In the press there are still information about a new drug for cancer. But how do you look at the reality, your relatives are still dying, my relatives are still dying, and breakthrough is just another drug, which itself causes cancer. Most chemotherapy is a carcinogen. They are poisons. They are designed to poison cancer cells. Error is so great that the cancer industry still sees tumors, as cancer. And, it is known that tumors are not cancer, because if they did we could cut it and would never grow back. We all know that's not true.
More and more people realize that conventional medicine just does not work. American Medical Association has stated that when the patient with the cancer reaches the doctor, regardless of stage 1 or 4, which divides the course of cancer, only 30% live more than 5 years after amputation, chemio- or radiotherapy. Over 70% of them die. This is unacceptable.
We have the precedent, set by Dr. Max Gerson, established in the years 30-40, which showed that vitamins, particularly large quantities of fresh vegetable juices and organic food helps in the treatment of cancer. Gerson has about 50% cured patients in terminal stage. It is incredibly much. In the treatment of melanoma Gerson therapy is spectacular. Though, for this reason, every physician should hear about the Gerson therapy. But they don't. Medical schools are silent on such alternatives.
Normally the human body's defense system is so powerful that the cancer is unlikely. The human body has such powerful protection that a normal, health body can not and does not allow for the development of cancer or any other chronic disease. What's more - when we eat a good, healthy and organic food, these diseases can be overcome. So if you want to overcome the cancer, you have to destroy the environment, which it needs to survive.
Doctors do not even know what is causing the cancer. It is known for 60 years! From the time of Prof. J. Beard, University of Edinburgh, who wrote in 1904 that cancer is a process of treatment which is not excluded. It's not about the fact that the pharmaceutical industry lie people. It just does not inform. In 1972, President Nixon said that if we give to the problem of cancer enough money, we solve it. That year 220,000 Americans died of cancer. 25 years later, 'USA Today' published statistics from that period. During this period, the U.S. government (taxpayers) made more than 39 billion dollars for research into cancer. As a result, 25 years later in 1996, died of cancer more than 560,000 people. More than twice as much!
The war is so that it is profitable only if ongoing. And fight against cancer is war. If the cancer will disappear after tomorrow, then millions of people will have to retrain. The industry worth 200 billion dollars a year, which would lose meaning if found the effective solution. It is illegal in most countries around the world to treat cancer patiens with nutritional teraphy. The only legal treatments in these countries are surgery, radiation teraphy and chemoteraphy.
There is plenty of literature on the inhibition or treatment of cancer through diet. You have the right to selftreatment. There are many discussions on how to finance and enable everyone to access to health care. But is a good solution to give access to the system, it can not verify? Why not learn how to better health? People need education, not health care. People need to realize the benefits of improved health. We are now at the stage of great change in medicine. The Internet has changed it. We still have health care, a service of the disease, in fact, dominated by hospital doctors, pharmacologists, and pathologist. This system makes sure that that will continue, would ensure more jobs and not reducing the amount of illnesses. The medical service does many things well: survival of infants, treatment of trauma pain, surgery, but not dealing with deaseases.
There is growing interest in alternatives. Apparently, the old ways do not work and we need new paradigms and a return to basics, which is looking at cultures that do not have such problems. People should no longer be patients and begin to be people again. You change your life, do exercise, eat properly, become your own doctor. You feel good, look good and you have the satisfaction that you did everything yourself. To be properly nourish you do not need higher education. It requires taking responsibility.
1. http://www.gerson.org
2. http://www.whale.to/cancer/melanoma1.html
3. http://chipsa.com/download/GRO5yrgs.pdf
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._Edward_Griffin
5. http://users.navi.net/~rsc/beard066.htm
Sunday, 22 March 2009
Saturday, 21 March 2009
Food as medicine - part 2
Max Garson said that the body is something that can be called 'self-treating mechanism'. He claim thet the task of the doctor is to activate and reactivate the mechanism of treating their own body. Neither one cell in the human body does consist of drugs. In total, slicing the body can not make it improve. We need a completely different perspective, a new paradigm. Boosting recovery is something which was not tried. When you use the nutrients in the treatment, you use the very small doses. The public and doctors are faced with scientific publications, which show mixed results. In one example, vitamin C helps a little, and the other does not help. The problem lies in the fact that all the studies relate to low doses. Recommended daily dose is an amount that for most people is sufficient to prevent diseases caused by deficiency. When you work under pressure, the body uses vitamin C, when the adrenaline is secreted. Here is the link between stress and heart attack. Conventional medicine can not cope with the long-term chronic diseases. Does nothing to change the reason for which the patient ill. It treats symptoms.
Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of civilization, lifestyle diseases. We eat too many things wrong, and too little appropriate. We all know that, but still we eat a fast-food (meat, fat, sugar, starch, processed food without vitamins) and avoid supplements, because "we may harm". Like coronary heart disease is no risk.
Coronary heart disease is reversible. Dr. Ornish had excellent results among people with serious heart disease. He prescripted them strictly vegetarian diet that is highly cellulose, organic, contains vitamins and minerals. Ornish worked on reducing stress, and the patients were able to halt or reverse coronary heart disease within 1-2 years. It follows that coronary disease is caused by lack of vitamins and proper diet. The good news is that even people with advanced disease pacemakers, where changing diets and began to take minerals, they were able to work around without the operation. But the well-talented doctors in medical institutes of unlimited budget, do not even want to think about food and the western lifestyle as a reason. Half the deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases, and half of these deaths the first symptom of the disease is death. People can live many years without any symptoms and suddenly die. If one on two and a half die from a heart that is to say that society does some basic error. We make billions of dollars worth implanting by-pass operations, although the problem can be completely controlled change in diet and lifestyle - safely, cheap and effectively. Why cardiologists not recommend this approach? First - not everyone is aware of this, and secondly - pharmaceutical companies.
Great problem pharmacological approaches are the side-effects, drug effects. In the UK, the number of deaths each year due to adverse effects of drugs is estimated at 10 thousand. To give a point of reference: the number of people who died in road accidents is 3.5 thousand. Journal of American Medical Association has published statistics that approximately 106,000 Americans die annually due to pharmaceuticals. These are drugs that were properly prescribed. It is about people who take medication according to doctor, not included overdoses and misuses. Within 23 years, this means 2,438,000 killed by the pharmaceutical companies. However, due to the alleged use of vitamins for 23 years 10 people died.
The pharmaceutical industry does not do drugs, just money. These are big international corporations that have obligations to investors and engaged in making money. The problem is related to legislation. Institutions that license and examine the medicines are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. They are also the majority of advertisers medical periodicals, which keeps most of them from advertising.
25% of advertising in the U.S. is advertising drugs. What would happen if suddenly everyone was healthy? Health is sensible, but it is not profitable.
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Gerson
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Ornish
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_effect_(medicine)
4. http://www.cancure.org/medical_errors.htm
Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of civilization, lifestyle diseases. We eat too many things wrong, and too little appropriate. We all know that, but still we eat a fast-food (meat, fat, sugar, starch, processed food without vitamins) and avoid supplements, because "we may harm". Like coronary heart disease is no risk.
Coronary heart disease is reversible. Dr. Ornish had excellent results among people with serious heart disease. He prescripted them strictly vegetarian diet that is highly cellulose, organic, contains vitamins and minerals. Ornish worked on reducing stress, and the patients were able to halt or reverse coronary heart disease within 1-2 years. It follows that coronary disease is caused by lack of vitamins and proper diet. The good news is that even people with advanced disease pacemakers, where changing diets and began to take minerals, they were able to work around without the operation. But the well-talented doctors in medical institutes of unlimited budget, do not even want to think about food and the western lifestyle as a reason. Half the deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases, and half of these deaths the first symptom of the disease is death. People can live many years without any symptoms and suddenly die. If one on two and a half die from a heart that is to say that society does some basic error. We make billions of dollars worth implanting by-pass operations, although the problem can be completely controlled change in diet and lifestyle - safely, cheap and effectively. Why cardiologists not recommend this approach? First - not everyone is aware of this, and secondly - pharmaceutical companies.
Great problem pharmacological approaches are the side-effects, drug effects. In the UK, the number of deaths each year due to adverse effects of drugs is estimated at 10 thousand. To give a point of reference: the number of people who died in road accidents is 3.5 thousand. Journal of American Medical Association has published statistics that approximately 106,000 Americans die annually due to pharmaceuticals. These are drugs that were properly prescribed. It is about people who take medication according to doctor, not included overdoses and misuses. Within 23 years, this means 2,438,000 killed by the pharmaceutical companies. However, due to the alleged use of vitamins for 23 years 10 people died.
The pharmaceutical industry does not do drugs, just money. These are big international corporations that have obligations to investors and engaged in making money. The problem is related to legislation. Institutions that license and examine the medicines are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies. They are also the majority of advertisers medical periodicals, which keeps most of them from advertising.
25% of advertising in the U.S. is advertising drugs. What would happen if suddenly everyone was healthy? Health is sensible, but it is not profitable.
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Gerson
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Ornish
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverse_effect_(medicine)
4. http://www.cancure.org/medical_errors.htm
Food as medicine - part 1
"Let thy food be thy medicine and thy medicine be thy food." Hippocrates (460-370 B.C.)
Hippocrates laid down the foundations for modern medicine. He believed the human body had an innate capacoty for self-healing. His 'Hippocratic Oath' is still recited by medical doctors today. Since Hippocrates' time however our approach to treating illness has changed... Today's doctors receive little, if any, training in nutrition. Modern medicine resolves around 'a pill for every ill'. And thet's the way the sickness industry wants to keep it.
Heart disease and cancer are the top two killers in the US annually. Additionally each year 39,000 people die due to unnecessary surgery and other errors in hospitals, 80,000 people die due to other infections in hospitals and a staggering 106,000 people die due to adverse drug reactions.
1. Heart disease 652,486 deaths
2. Cancer 553,888 deaths
3. Modern medicine 225,000 deaths
Everyone in the world, in all cultures in each country knows it - you are what you eat.
How old is your food? If you think about it: your food, at best, overcomes the distance 2500-3000 km before you buy it and have at least a week. Therefore, this raises a further question: how much nutritional value is in food, which is at least 5 days old? With a little luck it may be 40% of what you need. Almost all the food we can buy in large stores of big cities is processed. Often nutrients are broken or disappear already, before the food hits the plate.
It seems that the solution of all problems with food is to use pesticides, herbicides etc. or genetic modifications. But one of the main problems is the soil, what we do with soil, air, water and everything that we take in our food. The soil is used and the nutrients are draw out the soil, making the desert. This happens all over the world. We must pay attention to our agricultural system, what we eat and how we producing food. The so-called fertilizer is made up of three minerals: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The problem is that soil needs about 52 different minerals: calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, etc. When the soil is poor, the plants are weakened and poor. They lose their defences. The bugs and diseases attacks them. Farmers turn to chemical companies that sell them willingly pesticides etc.
Research shows that even when lightly cook food, you lose it in the enzymes. The food is full of live enzymes that help in digestion and utilization of acquired components. Raw food should be part of any diet. When you cook the food the immune system reacts to them as toxins. Most people do not know about it. The blood passes into the digestive leukocytosis, which activates white blood cells against eaten cooked food. Probably because the process of cooking distort the structure of food in such a way that the body does not recognize it and treat it as a toxin. Former Swiss Doctor Paul Kouchakoff, who first showed in the 30', that if your diet consists of more than 51% of cooked food, the body reacts to them as if they were attacked by a foreign organism. Kouchakoff first showed that if the diet is made up of over 51% raw food, it does not occur leukocytosis, which means that there will be the reaction of white blood cells. Immune system will therefore not be activated by a false alarm. As currently facing so many problems with the immune system, we should ensure that at least 51% of each meal was raw, we do not have to overtax the immune system.
Some plants have very large amounts of vitamins, minerals, enzymes and other components, for example:
A) Spirulina - mainly consumed in Mexico as the main source of protein (highest protein content in the world).
B) Cocoa - contain a high level of flavonoids, the largest natural source of iron, the world's best source of magnesium, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper and vitamin C, however none chocolate contains it, because the high temperature in the production destroys it; contains a high dose of antioxidants.
Over the last century, the vitamins have become readily available. Most people still do not know how they are important. Taking the appropriate dose can prevent chronic diseases, taking a sufficiently large, you can cure the disease. Often we hear in the news, that you should not take them too much, but do not have any evidence. Over the past 23 years, according to the American Institute of Toxicology has been 10 cases of death caused by vitamins.
Doctors usually treat the diet as irrelevant. Less than 6% of graduating physicians in the USA receive any formal training in nutrition. 26% of patients going out of the hospitals are more malnourished than when hit there. The reason for which they went there, is 80-90% of the poor diet.
Frederick R. Klenner and William J. McCormick are the pioneers of the use of high doses of vitamin C. They heal diseases by high doses of vitamin C in 40'.
Linus Pauling first suggested that vitamin C may be effective for a cold. He said so on the basis of numerous studies, not conjecture. Pauling was Albert Einstein's colleague, and then several other well-known intellectuals. He received two Nobel prizes: Chemistry and Peace. He was a brilliant man. The problem was that he immersed in clinical medicine without certification. He was therefore very vulnerable to criticism. His suggestion that vitamin C can cure a cold has been ridiculed by the medical world.
The main problem is the nutrients that one component works on too many illness, for example:
1) Vitamin E: good for heart disease, healing burns, epilepsy.
2) Vitamin C: anti-toxin, anti-histamine, anti-viral, blood sugar regulation, mood elevator.
The reason for which a vitamin can cure so many diseases is that the lack of one vitamin can cause so many diseases. This is just a few nutrients, but in the body is many thousands of chemical reactions. In an obvious way, we can expect that a vitamin will participate in a variety of reactions. This also applies to minerals.
We have a concept of one medicine for one disease, an old medical concept that does not comply with the dietitian. You can not cure selectively.
1. http://www.iep.utm.edu/h/hippocra.htm
2. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/data/LCOD_04_STATE.htm
3. http://getwellsolutions.org/therapies-nutrition-1.html
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme
5. http://www.rawguru.com/rawvscook.html
6. http://www.beyondveg.com/tu-j-l/raw-cooked/raw-cooked-1i.shtml
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirulina_(dietary_supplement)
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoa
9. http://www.doctoryourself.com/mccormick.html
10. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Pauling
11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_E
12. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_C
Hippocrates laid down the foundations for modern medicine. He believed the human body had an innate capacoty for self-healing. His 'Hippocratic Oath' is still recited by medical doctors today. Since Hippocrates' time however our approach to treating illness has changed... Today's doctors receive little, if any, training in nutrition. Modern medicine resolves around 'a pill for every ill'. And thet's the way the sickness industry wants to keep it.
Heart disease and cancer are the top two killers in the US annually. Additionally each year 39,000 people die due to unnecessary surgery and other errors in hospitals, 80,000 people die due to other infections in hospitals and a staggering 106,000 people die due to adverse drug reactions.
1. Heart disease 652,486 deaths
2. Cancer 553,888 deaths
3. Modern medicine 225,000 deaths
Everyone in the world, in all cultures in each country knows it - you are what you eat.
How old is your food? If you think about it: your food, at best, overcomes the distance 2500-3000 km before you buy it and have at least a week. Therefore, this raises a further question: how much nutritional value is in food, which is at least 5 days old? With a little luck it may be 40% of what you need. Almost all the food we can buy in large stores of big cities is processed. Often nutrients are broken or disappear already, before the food hits the plate.
It seems that the solution of all problems with food is to use pesticides, herbicides etc. or genetic modifications. But one of the main problems is the soil, what we do with soil, air, water and everything that we take in our food. The soil is used and the nutrients are draw out the soil, making the desert. This happens all over the world. We must pay attention to our agricultural system, what we eat and how we producing food. The so-called fertilizer is made up of three minerals: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The problem is that soil needs about 52 different minerals: calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, etc. When the soil is poor, the plants are weakened and poor. They lose their defences. The bugs and diseases attacks them. Farmers turn to chemical companies that sell them willingly pesticides etc.
Research shows that even when lightly cook food, you lose it in the enzymes. The food is full of live enzymes that help in digestion and utilization of acquired components. Raw food should be part of any diet. When you cook the food the immune system reacts to them as toxins. Most people do not know about it. The blood passes into the digestive leukocytosis, which activates white blood cells against eaten cooked food. Probably because the process of cooking distort the structure of food in such a way that the body does not recognize it and treat it as a toxin. Former Swiss Doctor Paul Kouchakoff, who first showed in the 30', that if your diet consists of more than 51% of cooked food, the body reacts to them as if they were attacked by a foreign organism. Kouchakoff first showed that if the diet is made up of over 51% raw food, it does not occur leukocytosis, which means that there will be the reaction of white blood cells. Immune system will therefore not be activated by a false alarm. As currently facing so many problems with the immune system, we should ensure that at least 51% of each meal was raw, we do not have to overtax the immune system.
Some plants have very large amounts of vitamins, minerals, enzymes and other components, for example:
A) Spirulina - mainly consumed in Mexico as the main source of protein (highest protein content in the world).
B) Cocoa - contain a high level of flavonoids, the largest natural source of iron, the world's best source of magnesium, chromium, manganese, zinc, copper and vitamin C, however none chocolate contains it, because the high temperature in the production destroys it; contains a high dose of antioxidants.
Over the last century, the vitamins have become readily available. Most people still do not know how they are important. Taking the appropriate dose can prevent chronic diseases, taking a sufficiently large, you can cure the disease. Often we hear in the news, that you should not take them too much, but do not have any evidence. Over the past 23 years, according to the American Institute of Toxicology has been 10 cases of death caused by vitamins.
Doctors usually treat the diet as irrelevant. Less than 6% of graduating physicians in the USA receive any formal training in nutrition. 26% of patients going out of the hospitals are more malnourished than when hit there. The reason for which they went there, is 80-90% of the poor diet.
Frederick R. Klenner and William J. McCormick are the pioneers of the use of high doses of vitamin C. They heal diseases by high doses of vitamin C in 40'.
Linus Pauling first suggested that vitamin C may be effective for a cold. He said so on the basis of numerous studies, not conjecture. Pauling was Albert Einstein's colleague, and then several other well-known intellectuals. He received two Nobel prizes: Chemistry and Peace. He was a brilliant man. The problem was that he immersed in clinical medicine without certification. He was therefore very vulnerable to criticism. His suggestion that vitamin C can cure a cold has been ridiculed by the medical world.
The main problem is the nutrients that one component works on too many illness, for example:
1) Vitamin E: good for heart disease, healing burns, epilepsy.
2) Vitamin C: anti-toxin, anti-histamine, anti-viral, blood sugar regulation, mood elevator.
The reason for which a vitamin can cure so many diseases is that the lack of one vitamin can cause so many diseases. This is just a few nutrients, but in the body is many thousands of chemical reactions. In an obvious way, we can expect that a vitamin will participate in a variety of reactions. This also applies to minerals.
We have a concept of one medicine for one disease, an old medical concept that does not comply with the dietitian. You can not cure selectively.
1. http://www.iep.utm.edu/h/hippocra.htm
2. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/data/LCOD_04_STATE.htm
3. http://getwellsolutions.org/therapies-nutrition-1.html
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme
5. http://www.rawguru.com/rawvscook.html
6. http://www.beyondveg.com/tu-j-l/raw-cooked/raw-cooked-1i.shtml
7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirulina_(dietary_supplement)
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocoa
9. http://www.doctoryourself.com/mccormick.html
10. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Pauling
11. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_E
12. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_C
Wednesday, 11 March 2009
Monday, 9 March 2009
copyrights
Remember about copyrights, please!
When you take something from the Internet, cite the source.
e.g.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7892294.stm, retrieved 16.02.2009
When you take something from the Internet, cite the source.
e.g.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7892294.stm, retrieved 16.02.2009
presentation dates and all additional info about the classes
Summer Term 2008/09
Presentation Dates:
16-22.03 s4177
23-29.03 s3737, s3713
30.03-05.04 s3732
06-12.04 Maciej Bielski, s4140
20-26.04 Chrystian Kącki
27.04-03.05 Tomasz Patorski
04-10.05 s4091, s3926
11-17.05 Andrzej Pajdziński, s0140
18-24.05 Jakub Milik
25-31.05 Rafał Monkiewicz
01-07.06 s6497, s3713
08-14.06 s3582
Each person is to prepare a presentation on the topic presented to the teacher in advance. You are to send me a draft of it.The presentation should be presented on the blog in three parts. Remember about copyrights, do not put only pictures, and I would like to see your opinions on it, not just some text from the Internet. Moreover, there are to be some questions for others to discuss.
As far as your blog posts are concerned, each person is to comment presentations three times a week.
Remember:All comments/posts are read:)
Additionally, I would like to ask you to present some interesting articles, films (e.g. YouTube) that you come across and you would like to share with the group with some comment. There will be extra points for that!
Good luck and have fun!
Małgorzata Świerk
Presentation Dates:
16-22.03 s4177
23-29.03 s3737, s3713
30.03-05.04 s3732
06-12.04 Maciej Bielski, s4140
20-26.04 Chrystian Kącki
27.04-03.05 Tomasz Patorski
04-10.05 s4091, s3926
11-17.05 Andrzej Pajdziński, s0140
18-24.05 Jakub Milik
25-31.05 Rafał Monkiewicz
01-07.06 s6497, s3713
08-14.06 s3582
Each person is to prepare a presentation on the topic presented to the teacher in advance. You are to send me a draft of it.The presentation should be presented on the blog in three parts. Remember about copyrights, do not put only pictures, and I would like to see your opinions on it, not just some text from the Internet. Moreover, there are to be some questions for others to discuss.
As far as your blog posts are concerned, each person is to comment presentations three times a week.
Remember:All comments/posts are read:)
Additionally, I would like to ask you to present some interesting articles, films (e.g. YouTube) that you come across and you would like to share with the group with some comment. There will be extra points for that!
Good luck and have fun!
Małgorzata Świerk
Sunday, 8 March 2009
Nonverbal communication
Argyle affirms that nonverbal communication is sole way how animals communicate and it has primary character, which was a subjected evolutionary conversion. For example dog shows teeth on sign of anger. Animals often execute this gesture today. Thought biting or attacking opponent is not intention. They realize other purpose want to frighten away opponent or underline weight. Alike thing has at people. Nonverbal messages are certain social signal encoded by sender and decode by receiver. They inform of emotive state of second person, about his intention. Person sends nonverbal messages consciously or unaware, often a unintentional grimace of face can be gotten back as disapproval in the other hand fine face as reliance which dares other person. On quality of first impression, and also on our credibility and attractiveness in contacts with people significant influence have body language. During average two persons conversation, it is near 35% information transfer in the words, other 65% it is extra word information.
Nonverbal signals
• Appearance
• Way of moving
• Greeting
• Face expression
• Tone of voice
• Distance between persons
• Way of seat
• Gesticulation
Face expression
It is important area of intercommunication. It shows various reactions of persons on events or postures of other people. It is also an indicator of reaction on perception of message. Facial expression can express interest, boring present, indignation, fear and many others. One of main function of facial expression is intercommunication of emotive state such as regard and hostility. Agryle differs six kinds of main facial expressions:
• Happiness
• Surprise
• Fear
• Sadness
• Anger
• Disgust
These emotions have physiological base, they are even sighted at small children. It is possible to say, that person is born with them. However, usage of facial expression is defined by culture. In the other hand grimaces of disgusts or satisfaction appear independently e.g. during viewing of movie about disgusting topic, or utopia character. However, some cultures are able to hold on from facial expression e.g. during commenting observed movie. Model example for this is Ekman and Frisen’s experiment from 1969. Angered persons can reign over face expression, but they can’t reign over certain physiological states e.g. fastest breath, sweating etc. Mimic expressions are also certain social signals. If we want to achieve certain social purpose, we adopt definite face expression. We regard faster people with sincere smile than people who have stiff face. Facial expression is also signal of approval or disapproval of anybody's appearance, statements or situation. So, facial expression is social signal but in the other hand is a mirror of a human emotion states.
Perception
It is one of most important factor in social life of person. It superbly simplifies interactions and opens remaining communication channels. It is hard to imagine conversation between two people without eye contact. Peering as social signal already appears from earliest moments of childhood. Eye contact with mother is important factor in forming strong emotive relationship. We attach weight for perception. Peering is distinct signal of approval or dislike. If we keep eye contact, we know that we are object of anybody's interest and we are felt important. If eye contact proceeds with person, who is important for us and have strong positive connection with us, we feel satisfaction, we limit verbal contact in aid of perception. If however, this person doesn’t reciprocate eye contact we feel sadness, lack of acceptance, we felt in some manner been left out in the cold.
Voice
Voice has great importance often greater than words. Words are only words however voice gives them proper emotional tinge. Animals use voice. Babies also use it too. By crying and shouting they communicate with parents. Voice reflects person emotive states. According to Scherera, persons in depression say slowly with low and dropping voice. If person is afraid, it says with excited tone, fast, bumpily, and often committing language errors. There are paralinguistic characteristics of speech, which supply valuable information about postures, emotion, and features of characters. It is possible to adopt stony face expression, it is possible to smile suffering, but the hardest skill is to control tone of voice. Persons who speak fast, with high tone are perceived as aggressive, competent, tone of their voice is treated as persuasive. People also talk with different accents. We can find out from accent about person origin, culture and territorial affiliation.
Gesticulation
Gestures are part integral part of person expression. When we speak our whole body speaks too. Gestures can underline character of pronunciation or add additional messages. Gesticulating human can express something easier than recount it by words. Gesticulation can indicate people or objects. It can underline what we consider particularly important.
Person extravagantly gesticulating is perceived as incompetent. Other groups of irritating gestures are e.g. wringing of thumb, scratch over head, rubbing of nose etc. If we want to be reliable and perceived as competent we should reign over them and use them rarely. The other groups of gestures are gestures use independently on speech (head beck). These gestures are also culturally predefined e.g. has reverse meaning in Bulgaria than e.g. in Poland. Other gestures have religious nature e.g. sign of cross or expressing emotion gestures e.g. insulting gestures, victory sing - V, OK sign etc.
Position
People define attitude to others by body posture. Person who wants to be respected stand straight and confident in the other hand person asking for something adopts bent posture. Our posture can reflect our respect or disrespect. Persons with social position are often relaxed and confident. Gestures like hands in pocket or legs on the table are in most countries are impolite but in American culture are generally accepted. Education or professional position has influence on body position. It is easy to recognize posture of solider, office worker or intellectual. Newest research indicates that even style of walking is so characteristic for given person and it identifies him as papillary lines.
Touch
This is a very strong social signal and strong non-verbal communication. Touch has significant emotional ground. Peoples who have strong emotional bond touch each other. Woman and men, parents and children or spouses touch each other differently. Touch is not desirable signal in social contacts. In our culture the most in accepted form of touch is handshake. Squeeze should be certain, but not crushing. In polish culture we have a custom of kissing woman’s hand by men. However women presently don’t wish such treatment. People in formal contact don’t want to be touched in any form. Delicate touch is perceived as such, which encourages acceptance or foster influence. Will’s and Hamm’s research show that persons touched are more venerable than others. In the other hand those people are more embarrassed by the fact being touched. The fact that someone is touching us is not meaningless. Woman’s touch is more socially accepted than the men’s touch. If librarian touches person who hiring book then she become more liked. There are general rules about who can touch and what parts of body can be touched. Touch plays important role in close intimate relations. It is hard to imagine emotional contact without touch. Touch gives us sense of proximity and emotional attachments witch other person. Touch has cultural aspect too. Anthropologists differs contact cultures (e.g. northern Africa) and without contact (e.g. Europe, India, Japan).
Distance
Great importance in nonverbal communication has distance between persons who have contact. For people who are in closer relation the distance is smaller. Close contacts- short distance is very bad acceptable in interpersonal contacts. People who approaching other person in close distance is violating other person private space. In the other hand we can resign from our area of intimacy and tolerate for a short time lack of private space e.g. in the crowded bus or train. It is proven than after such situation we try to as quickly as possible reach area without other persons. Manipulation is one of many forms how people can use distance in interpersonal contacts. Specially arranged rooms that many people will be sited. For example others receive person who sits behind solid desk on a massive chair as a dominating one. In those situations important information is place and distance between other seats in the room.
Appearance
Value of garment in interpersonal contacts is extremely important. There are schools which teach their students how to get dressed and which clothes use in different occasions. For example tourist dressed in suit on the mountain trip looks funny but in the other hand person dressed in track suit on the important meeting is received as luck of respect and insult. Clothes can inform us about social position. In Sissons opinion people dressed in posh clothes have stronger influence on others. Well-dressed businessman is received as more authentic, competent. Man should wear well-matched suit, tie and shirt. He must remember that the only one element of his uniform can pattern. He can wear watch and ring but nothing else. Haircut should be neat and face shaved. Woman should be dressed in two-partial dress, shirt buckled under her neck and have sterling haircut.
Many channels of nonverbal communications are objet of analysis of auto presentation specialist who lead training showing how animalize benefits from nonverbal communications.
The way we are been perceived often decides about contact quality or business we wants to do.
So, it is very important to realize body language, understand it, and be able to control it. Skillful usage of canon of nonverbal messages can have important influence on our whole life.
1. Wikipedia
2. Arygle, M. (1999). Psychologia stosunków międzyludzkich. Wydawnictwo Naukowe
PWN, Warszawa.
3. Domachowski, W. Argyle, M.(1994). Reguły życia społecznego. Oksfordzka
Psychologia Społeczna. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa.
4. Thiel, E. (1997). Komunikacja niewerbalna. Mowa ciała. Astrum. Wrocław.
5. Internet:
http://pedagog.umcs.lublin.pl/~sylwesto/index.htm
http://eduseek.ids.pl/artykuly/artykul/ida/2003/idc/9/
http://republika.pl/body_language/www/
Friday, 6 March 2009
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